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Question

Posted on: January 4 2018

Collyre: Cocaine 4%-adrenaline tartr 0.01%-chlorbutol 0.05% can also be dissolved in the buffer boric acid

I find a cocaine 4% Collyre under the previously asked questions. As a solvent a buffer solution of boric acid is used. Can the prescribed adrenaline and chlorbutol be added to this cocaîne eye drop without problems of pH or shelf life?

Answer

The prescribed composition raises a number of questions. In the Formularium Dutch pharmacists, a 1% neutral Adrelanine Eyedrop was previously published. It has a pH = 7.2 and was published for diagnostic purposes. She was delivered 1 to 2 hours before the visit to the ophthalmologist. Which says enough about stability.  

In German Formularium epinephrine eye drops of 1 and 0.1% are published. And this at pH = 4 and pH = 7 but   no data on shelf life is provided. But we can suppose that the shelf life at pH = 7 will be bad.  

Given the low stability of adrenaline, I would use 0.1% epinephrine for this eyedrop. As regards chlorbutanol (= bacteriostatitic), the concentration is as preservative 1 at 200 or 0.5%. So also this prescribed concentration should be tenfold. Now there are several reasons not to do this. 1. Chlorbutol gives an unpleasant feeling to the eye. 2. Chlorbutol is difficult soluble in water, 3. I think the shelf life of the eyedrop is very limited (14   days stored in a refrigerator). Do not store in the light.