Working with hazardous substances

Raw materials from pharmaceutical compounding can be risky. It is therefore important to be aware of the potential hazards that these substances can carry. Safety information can be read from the label, namely hazard pictograms and targeted safety recommendations in the form of H and P phrases (Hazard and Precaution). These H and P phrases drawn up by the GHS have replaced the R and S phrases (Risk and Safety) since 2015 and ensure global harmonization. The safety information is concise but provides insight into how to use the raw material responsibly, even though the dangers are sometimes low due to the small quantities used in the officina. For new or unknown substances, it is useful to consult the safety data sheet in addition to the label.

List of hazard statements (H-statements)

Hazard statement for material hazards
H200	Explosive substances, unstable
H2O1	Explosive substances, subclass 1.1
H2 O2	Explosive substances, subclass 1.2
H2 O3	Explosive substances, subclass 1.3
H2 O4	Explosive substances, subclass 1.4
H2 O5	Explosive substances, subclass 1.5
H220	Flammable gases, hazard category 1
H221	Flammable gases, hazard category 2
H222	Flammable aerosols, hazard category 1
H223	Flammable aerosols, hazard category 2
H224	Flammable liquids, hazard category 1
H225	Flammable liquids, hazard category 2
H226	Flammable liquids, hazard category 3
H228	Flammable solids, hazard categories 1 and 2
H240	Self-reactive substances and mixtures, type A Organic peroxides, type A
H241	Self-reactive substances and mixtures, type B Organic peroxides, type B
H242	Self-reactive substances and mixtures, types C, D, E and F Organic peroxides, type C, D, E and F
H250	Pyrophoric liquids, hazard category 1 Pyrophoric solids, hazard category 1
H251	Substances and mixtures susceptible to self-heating, hazard category 1
H252	Substances and mixtures susceptible to self-heating, hazard category 2
H260	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, generate flammable gases, hazard category 1
H261	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, generate flammable gases, hazard categories 2 and 3
H270	Oxidising gases, hazard category 1
H271	Oxidising liquids, hazard category 1 Oxidising solids, hazard category 1
H272	Oxidising liquids, hazard categories 2 and 3 Oxidising solids, hazard categories 2 and 3
H280	Gases under pressure: compressed gas; liquid gas; dissolved gas
H281	Gases under pressure: highly cooled liquid gas
H290	Corrosive to metals, hazard category 1

hazard statements for health hazards
H300	Acute oral Toxicity, hazard category 1 and 2
H301	Acute oral toxicity, hazard category 3
H302	Acute oral toxicity, hazard category 4
H304	Aspiration Hazard, hazard category 1
H310	Acute dermal Toxicity, hazard category 1 and 2
H311	Acute dermal Toxicity, hazard category 3
H312	Acute dermal Toxicity, hazard category 4
H314	Skin corrosion/irritation, hazard category 1A, 1B and 1C
H315	Skin corrosion/irritation, hazard category 2
H317	Skin sensitisation, hazard category 1
H318	Serious eye damage/eye irritation, hazard category 1
H319	Serious eye damage/eye irritation, hazard category 2A
H330	Acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 1 and 2
H331	Acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 3
H332	Acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 4
H334	Respiratory sensitisation, hazard category 1
H335	Specific target organ toxicity for single exposure, hazard category 3, respiratory irritation
H336	Specific target organ toxicity in single exposure, hazard category 3, narcotic action
H340	Mutagenicity in reproductive cells, hazard category 1A and 1B
H341	Mutagenicity in reproductive cells, hazard category 2
H350	Carcinogenicity, hazard category 1A and 1B
H351	Carcinogenicity, hazard category 2 H360 reproductive toxicity, hazard category 1A and 1B
H361	Reproductive toxicity, hazard category 2
H362	Reproductive toxicity, supplemental category, effects on and through lactation
H370	Specific target organ toxicity for single exposure, hazard category 1
H371	Specific target organ toxicity for single exposure, hazard category 2
H372	Specific target organ toxicity with repeated exposure, hazard category 1
H373	Specific target organ toxicity with repeated exposure, hazard category 2
H300 + H310	Acute Oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity, hazard category 1 and 2
H300 + H330	Acute Oral toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 1 and 2
H300 + H310 + H330	Acute oral toxicity, acute dermal toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard categories 1 and 2
H301 + H311	Acute oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity, hazard category 3
H301 + H331	Acute oral toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 3
H311 + H331	Acute dermal toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 3
H301 + H311 + H331	Acute oral toxicity, acute dermal toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 3
H302 + H312	Acute oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity, hazard category 4
H301 + H332	Acute oral toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 4
H312 + H332	Acute dermal toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category 4
H302 + H312 + H332	Acute oral toxicity, acute dermal toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity, hazard category

hazard indications for environmental hazards
H400	Acute hazard to the aquatic environment, hazard category 1
H410	Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment, hazard category 1
H411	Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment, hazard category 2
H412	Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment, hazard category 3
H413	Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment, hazard category 4
H420	Hazardous to the ozone layer, hazard category 1

List of precautionary statements (P-phrases)

General
P101	"To obtain medical advice, to keep the packaging or the label available."
P102	"Keep out of the reach of children."
P103	"Before using, read the label."

Precautions related to prevention
P201	"Before using the special directions consult."
P202	"Use only after you have read and understood all safety regulations."
P210	"Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking. "
P211	"Do not spray in an open flame or other sources of ignition."
P220	"of clothing/.../combustible substances keep away/keep."
P221	"Mixing with combustible substances... Absolutely avoid. "
P222	"Avoid Contact with the air."
P223	"Avoid Contact with water in connection with a violent reaction and a possible cloud fire."
P230	"Keep moist with..."
P231	"operate under inert gas."
P232	"Protect from moisture."
P233	"Store In properly sealed packaging."
P234	"Store only in the original packaging."
P235	"Keep cool."
P240	"Storage and shelter reservoir."
P241	"Explosion proof electrical/ventilation/lighting/... Use equipment. "
P242	"Only use spark-free tools."
P243	"Take precautions against discharges of static electricity."
P244	"Reduce valves free of oil and keep grease."
P250	"Grinding/jerking/... Avoid friction. "
P251	"Pressure holder: Do not pierce or burn after use."
P260 do	"Do not breathe dust/smoke/gas/mist/vapour/Spray spray."
P261	"Avoid inhalation of dust/fumes/gas/mist/vapour/spray mist."
P262	"Avoid Contact with eyes, skin or clothing."
P263	"Avoid in pregnancy or breastfeeding touch."
P264 Wash	"After working with this product... Wash thoroughly. "
P270	"Do not eat, drink or smoke while using this product."
P271	"Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area."
P272	"Contaminated workwear must not leave the workspace."
P273	"Prevent discharge in the environment."
p280 Wear	"Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection."
p281	"Use the necessary personal protective equipment."
P282	"Wear cold-insulating gloves/face protection/eye protection."
P283	"Wear fire/Flame resistant/Fire resistant clothing."
P284	"Wear respiratory protection."
P285	"Do not carry adequate breathing protection for inadequate ventilation."
P231 + P232	"operate under inert gas. Protect against moisture. "
P235 + P410	"Keep cool. Protect against sunlight. "